SHIP CONSTRUCTION

(Ranger Hope © 2008, contains edits of material courtesy of A.N.T.A.  publications.)

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS       NAME:

1.  List the factors that influence a vessel’s design.

 

2.        In the attached transverse section of a metal hull, show the location of the following:

          deck beam

          bracket

          side frame

          chine bracket

          floor

          side girder

          keelson

 

3.         In the attached figure label the parts indicated by (^______)

           

4.        In the following sketch of a transverse section through a timber hull, name the numbered parts.

5.        In the following sketch of a typical deadwood aft, name the numbered parts.

6.        In the following sketch of a typical stem assembly of a timber vessel, name the numbered parts.

7.    

List the advantages and disadvantages of using Aluminium for vessel construction.

8.    

List the advantages and disadvantages of using Ferro cement for vessel construction.

9.    

List the advantages and disadvantages of using FRP for vessel construction.

10.  

List the advantages and disadvantages of using Steel for vessel construction.

11.  

List the advantages and disadvantages of using Steel for vessel construction.

12.  

Describe the maintenance required to be carried out on deck and hull openings to ensure watertight integrity of a vessel.

In the following questions, circle the most correct answer.

13.  

The distance from the fore part of the hull to the after part of the hull, taken at the upperside of the uppermost continuous deck, is known as

          a) length between perpendiculars

          b) length overall

          c) measured length

14.  

The distance from deck to waterline is known as

          a) depth

          b) draft

          c) freeboard

                  

15.  

If the deck of a vessel has an upward curve, it is said to have

          a) camber

          b) flare

          c) deadrise

16.  

The flare of the bow

          a) increases speed

          b) promotes deck dryness

          c) decreases speed

17.  

If the main stiffeners of the hull run from side to side. the arrangement is called a

          a) transversely framed structure

          b) longitudinally framed structure

          c) vertically framed structure

18.  

If the main stiffeners of the hull run fore and aft, the arrangement is called a

          a) transversely framed structure

          b) longitudinally framed structure

          c) vertically framed structure

19.  

On a steel vessel, vertical plates fitted transversely to the bottom shell are known as

          a) roofs

          b) floors

          c) walls

20.  

The void space between two bulkheads is called

          a) keel

          b) cofferdam

          c) floor

21.  

A collision bulkhead must be fitted to all vessels

          a) over 12 metres in measured length

          b) over 16 metres in measured length

          c) over 24 metres in measured length

22.  

All pipes passing through a watertight bulkhead must

          a) pass directly through it

          b) not carry fuel oil

          c) must be flanged to it

23.  

When a hatchway is cut into the deck of a vessel, the corners

          a) are squared

          b) are rounded

          c) can be any shape

24.   

Freeing ports are provided on the deck to

          a) rapidly clear the deck of water

          b) rapid loading of cargo

          c) rapid discharging of cargo

25.  

In general, the survey requirements require a vessel to be

          a) weathertight below the freeboard deck

          b) watertight above the freeboard deck

          c) watertight below the freeboard deck

26.  

Deadlight is the name given to

          a) a hinged metal cover on a porthole

          b) curtains on a window

          c) generator failure

27. 

Airpipes of bore exceeding 30mm, when placed in exposed positions

          a) should be made of aluminium

          b) should be provided with watertight closures

          c) should be fitted with automatic sounding devices

28.  

Doors in watertight bulkheads can be

          a) sliding type only

          b) hinged type only

          c) sliding type or hinged

29.  

The efficiency of watertight closures can be tested by

          a) a hose test

          b) a chalk test

          c) either a hose test or a chalk test

30.  

Watertight seals of closures should

          a) be painted bright orange

          b) be kept well greased

          c) should never be painted

ANSWERS

A1

A vessel’s design is influenced by the following factors:

Nature of Service

Area of Operation

Seaworthiness and Stability

Stress

 Survey Requirements

Personnel Safety

Construction Materials

Commercial Requirements

 

A4   

A5

A6

A7   

Advantages:

1.      Light

2.      Does not rust - almost maintenance free

3.      Easy to work

Disadvantages:

1.      Expensive

2.      Comparatively easily damaged

3.      Low melting point - poor fire resistance

4.      Corrodes rapidly in contact with other metals such as steel, copper, bronze etc.

A8 

Advantages:

1.    Cheap

2.    One piece hull, no seams

3.    Not easily damaged

4.    Fire resistant

5.    Easily repaired

Disadvantages:

1.      Chips easily

2.      Skilled construction required

3.          Heavy

A9   

Advantages:

1.      Corrosion free

2.      Light

3.      Comparatively easily repaired

4.      Cheap - especially if part of a mass produced design.

Disadvantages:

1.      Comparatively easily damaged

2.      Poor fire resistance

3.      Skilled construction required.

4.      Osmosis.

A10

          Advantages:

1.      Cheap

2.      Comparatively easy to build

3.      Not easily damaged

4.      Good fire resistance

Disadvantages:

1.      Corrodes readily

2.      Heavy

3.      Not easy to work

4.      Very magnetic.  Affects the compass.

A11 

Advantages:

1.      Light

2.      Easy to work

3.      Corrosion resistant

4.      Not easily damaged

Disadvantages:

1.      Expensive

2.      Rots

3.                Burns

A12

Check that all access openings at ends of enclosed structures are in good condition.  All door clips, clamps, and hinges should be free and well greased.  All gaskets and watertight seals should be crack free.  Ensure that the doors open from both sides.

·        Check all cargo hatches and access to holds for weathertightness.

·        Seals should never be painted.

·        Regularly inspect all machinery space openings on exposed decks.

·        Check that any manholes and flush scuttles are capable of being made water-tight.

·        Check that all ventilator openings are provided with efficient weathertight closing appliances and repair any defects.

·        All airpipes of diameter exceeding 30mm bore, must be provided with permanently attached satisfactory means for closing the openings.

·        Ensure that the non-return valves on overboard discharges are operating in a satisfactory manner.

·        Check that all freeing ports are in a satisfactory condition, e.g. shutters are not jammed, hinges are free, and that pins are of noncorroding material.  Check that any securing appliances, if fitted, work correctly.

Multiple Choice answers

A13  c

A14  c

A15  a

A16  b

A17  a

A18  b

A19  b

A20  b

A21  b

A22  c

A23  b

A24  a

A25  c

A26  a

A27  b

A28  c

A29  c

A30  c